Machines and Manufacturing
The tremendous growth in European industry in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries was the result of a number of changes, technology foremost among them. The accumulation and diffusion of technical knowledge necessary for manufacturing began in the countryside, where handicraft operations were gradually enlarged and mechanized. Often it was small-and medium-sized producers, and the occasional amateur experimenter in a barn, who were the inventors and innovators. Numerous small inventions, applied and diffused on both sides of the Atlantic gradually built up a stock of technical knowledge and practice that was widely available.
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